Hatthikuchchi Monastic Complex ( Rajanganaya Ruins)

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Hatthikuchchi Temple Complex ( Rajanganaya Ruins) aka Hatthikucchi, Hastikuchchi, Hasti Kuchchi and Rajanganaya Ruins- the reclining buddha statue inside the image house. Thought to be built during the Kandy Era — the reclining buddha statue inside the image house. Believed to be built during the Kandy Era

Located amidst a picturesque 300-acre forested landscape, the Hatthikuchchi Monastic Complex—also known as Hatthikucchi, Hastikuchchi, Hasti Kuchchi, and Rajanganaya Ruins—dates back to the 3rd century BCE. This ancient site is most famously associated with the self-sacrificial death of King Sirisangabo (251-253 CE), who offered his own head to a poor pheasant.

Though Sirisangabo reigned only from 251–253 CE and left no architectural or military legacy, his act of compassion and renunciation made him one of Sri Lanka’s most revered monarchs.

The Story of King Sirisangabo

After the death of King Sanghatissa, his son Sirisangabo ascended the throne, while his ambitious brother Gothabaya was made treasurer. Many doubted Sirisangabo’s ability to rule due to his deeply spiritual and nonviolent nature, but he proved unexpectedly successful.

Unable to bear his brother’s success, Gothabaya raised a rebellion. Rather than engage in civil war, Sirisangabo abdicated voluntarily, leaving the capital in disguise, wearing only a cloth to strain drinking water. He settled in the area now known as Hatthikuchchi, living as a hermit.

Fearing for his throne, King Gothabaya placed a bounty on Sirisangabo’s head, leading to a spate of false killings. One day, a poor pheasant recognized the former king in the forest. Understanding the man’s desperation, Sirisangabo decapitated himself and gave his head to the man—an act of ultimate selflessness. The pheasant delivered the head to the king and claimed the reward.

From Rajanganaya to Hatthikuchchi

This site was long referred to as the Rajangana Ruins until 1979, when archaeological findings—including an inscription bearing the name “Atti-Kucch”—led to its recognition as Hatthikuchchi. Earlier, it was believed that Attanagalla Vihara in Gampaha was the site of the king’s sacrifice. However, rock inscriptions referencing a place called “Athara Galla” support the belief that Hatthikuchchi is the true location.

The Ancient Monastic Center

Archaeological evidence, including stone inscriptions, suggests the site thrived from the 3rd century BCE to the 10th century CE. According to the chronicles, Hatthikuchchi was one of four major monasteries established soon after Mahinda Thera introduced Buddhism to Sri Lanka, along with Mihinthale, Sithulpavwa, and Dakshinagiri.

Despite being a major monastic and scholarly hub for over 1300 years, Hatthikuchchi is best remembered today for its connection with Sirisangabo.

Monuments and Architectural Features

The site contains extensive ruins including:

A Vatadage (circular stupa house) with remnants of two impressive stone doorways
An image house and a poya house
Several stupas, a semicircular building, and a restored image house (Kandyan period)
Alms halls, meditation chambers, and stone inscriptions
Numerous rock caves used by monks for meditation
A natural cave-based image house at the foot of the rocky hill with a reclining Buddha statue
Early meditation chambers formed by three stone slabs, located ~150 m into the jungle from the Vatadage

At the summit of the rocky hill, the oldest stupa of the complex stands, near which there is a stone carving of a man running—possibly depicting the peasant carrying Sirisangabo’s head.

From the summit, the view includes dramatic rock formations, including a hanging boulder precariously balanced atop another—a striking sight over the jungle canopy. The site’s secluded forest location also makes it a habitat for elephants, particularly during the dry season.

Driving Directions to Hatthikuchchi Temple Complex (Rajanganaya Ruins)

The Hatthikuchchi Vihara Complex, also known as the Rajangana Ruins, is situated along the road connecting Anuradhapura and Kurunegala, passing through Padeniya and Galgamuwa. The site lies approximately 40 kilometers from Anuradhapura.

From Kurunegala:

Take the A10 (Puttalam Road) and travel up to Padeniya. From there, turn right onto the A28 route toward Galgamuwa. Continue past Galgamuwa, and shortly after the 37th-kilometre marker, you’ll reach a junction known as Mahagalkadawala (also called Gal-kalla). Turn left at this junction where a signboard points towards Hatthikuchchi. Drive about 3 km further, and another sign will guide you to make another left turn. The monastery complex is located roughly 500 meters down this road.

From Anuradhapura:

Follow the A28 route toward Galgamuwa, passing through Thulawa and Thambuthegama. After the 36th kilometre post, you will arrive at Mahagalkadawala Junction. Follow the signboards from there to reach the site.

The roads are well-maintained, and vehicles can comfortably access the designated car park near the complex.

Alternate Names : Hatthikucchi Ruins, Hastikuchchi Ruins, Hasthikuchchi Ruins, Hasti Kuchchi Ruins, Hasthi Kuchchi Ruins , Rajanganaya Ruins, Attanagalla

Hatthikuchchi Temple Complex ( Rajanganaya Ruins)

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Driving Directions to Hatthikuchchi Temple Complex (Rajanganaya Ruins)

Route from Colombo to Hatthikuchchi Temple Complex	Route from Anuradhapura Railway Station to Hatthikuchchi Temple Complex
Via : Kelaniya – Ambepussa – Kurunegala – Padeniya – Mahagalkadawala Distance : 180 km Travel time : 4 hours Driving directions : see on Google map	Via : Kelaniya – Ambepussa – Kurunegala – Padeniya – Mahagalkadawala Distance: 180 km Travel time : 4 hours Driving directions : see on Google map